2012年广州市荔湾区疑似预防接种异常反应监测情况分析

The analysis of the supervision for adverse event following immunization in Liwan district of Guangzhou in 2012

目的了解广州市荔湾区疑似预防接种异常反应（Adverseevent following immunization，AEFI）监测情况，分析AEFI发生的原因，为改进疫苗质量和提高预防接种服务质量提供依据。方法对2012年荔湾区各预防接种门诊报告的AEFI病例资料进行分析。结果2012年荔湾区开展预防接种的疫苗共82种（不同厂家和剂型），其中22种疫苗报告AEFI157例。接种共352723剂次，发生率为44．51／10万，其中一般反应、异常反应、偶合症的发生率分别为27．50／10万（占61．78％）、15．88／10万（占35．67％）、11．34／10万（占2．55％）。157例AEFI病例中，0～1岁儿童112例（占71．34％），0-7岁儿童156例（占99．36％）。AEFI发生率居前的疫苗为七价肺炎球菌结合疫苗、白破疫苗、23价肺炎球菌多糖疫苗，报告发生率分别为253．32／10万、203．94／10万、190．28／10万。结论广州市荔湾区2012年AEFI监测具有较高的覆盖性和灵敏度。荔湾区2012年AEFI以一般反应为主，未发生严重异常反应。加强宣传、加强培训、加强管理，有利于提高预防接种服务的质量。

Objective To understand the supervising situation of AEFI in Liwan district of Guangzhou, analyze the potential reasons for AEFI, and provide evidence for enhancing the quality of vaccinum as well as improving the services of preventive inoculation. Methods Analyze AEFI cases within vaccination report in every clinic of Liwan district. Results The vacci- num which has been preventive inoculated includes 82 types, and 352 723 doses, among them 22 types are reported AEFI including 157 cases. The occurance of AEFI is 44.51/100 000, in which normal events occur 27.50/100 000 （61.78% ） , adverse events occur 15.88/100 000 （ 35.67% ） ,while adventitious events occur 11.34/100 000 （2.55% ）. Among 157 AEFI cases, children aged 0-1 year occupies 112 cases （ 71.34% ）, children aged 0-7 years occupies 156 cases （ 99.36% ）. Occurance rate of AEFI appears high in pneumococcal 7-valent conjugate vaccine, diphtheria pertussis tetanus vaccins and pneumococcal vaccine, polyvalent 23,being reporting that occurance for above types are 253.32/100 000,203.94/100 000 and 190.28/100 000 ,respectively. Conclusion It suggests that the spreadability and sensibility of the supervision for AEFI in our district is fairly good. Normal events occupied the most events in the situation of AEFI, while serious event has never occured. Nevertheless, more promotion, correct guidance are also needed. Additionally, more training and better management must be taken into agenda to enhance the sensibility of supervision and the quality of preventive inoculation.