鄱阳湖湿地生态演变驱动力及数字湿地调控体系

Digital wetland regulation system and driving force behind ecological evolution of digital wetland for Poyang Lake wetland

基于数字湿地的构建对于实现湿地资源信息共享、湿地环境保护、退化湿地的恢复与重建及流域管理等方面具有重要的现实意义,利用多时相、长时段遥感动态监测解译、空间分析与辅助决策等技术,系统剖析鄱阳湖湿地的生态环境演变过程、退化机理及其主要驱动力。研究结果表明:在自然和人为因素长期、综合作用下,鄱阳湖湿地发生显著的不合理演变,主要表现在:土地逐渐沙化,水土流失严重、旱涝趋于频发,水体污染加剧,生物资源锐减,湿地退化严重。深入探讨湿地系统演变过程中的宏观政策引导、人口资源环境相互作用、气候生态水文互动耦合、社会经济发展模式等关键驱动因素。在此基础上,构建协调湿地与流域系统、内部子系统、社会经济系统等之间关系的数字湿地调控体系。

Digital wetland construction plays meaningful function for wetland resources information sharing, wetland environment protection and degraded wetland restoration. Evolutional process, degenerated mechanism and main dynamics of the Poyang Lake wetland were systematically analyzed using multi-temporal and long-time dynamic monitoring interpretation, spatial analysis and decision support technology. Then, the actualities of wetland evolvements affected by integrated physical and anthropic factors such as, land desertification, soil erosion, frequent droughts, increased water pollution, plummeted biological resources, and severely serious degradation were analyzed. In addition, several aspects in the wetland evolving process were discussed, such as, guide of macroscopic policy, interaction among population, resources and enciroment, coupling of climate, ecology and hydrology social and economic factors. Finally, coordinating digital wetland regulation systems such as wetland and watershed system, internal system and social-economy system were constructed.