中国公有制主体地位的量化估算及其发展趋势

Quantitative Estimation of the Leading Position of China's Public Ownership and Its Developmental Trends

以不同生产资料所有制的经营性资产价值量作为衡量主次地位的边界标准,估算第一产业公有制与非公有制的资产规模及其比重变化,并在前人估算的基础上,延伸估算第二和第三产业两种所有制的资产规模及其比重变化。结果发现:截至2012年,中国三次产业经营性总资产约为487.53万亿元,其中公有制经济的资产规模是258.39万亿元,占53%;第二、三产业非公有制经济占增加值和就业规模的比重分别为67.59%和75.20%。这表明,公有制资产仍占主体,非公有制经济贡献占优,中国社会主义基本经济制度充满活力,从而为我国社会主义初级阶段的所有制改革和坚持"两个毫不动摇"的政策提供了理论依据。

By setting the value of productive assets under different types of ownership of the means of production as the marginal criterion for measuring the relative position of each form of ownership, we estimate the scale of public and non-public sector assets in primary industry in China and changes in their relative proportions. Further, on the basis of previous estimates, we provide an extended estimate of the scale of public and non-public sector assets in secondary and tertiary industry and changes in their relative proportions. We found that in 2012, total productive assets in primary, secondary and tertiary industry were 487.53 trillion RMB, of which the public sector accounted for 53 percent, or 258.39 trillion RMB. In secondary and tertiary industry, the non-public sector contributed 67.59 percent and 75.20 percent respectively in terms of valueadded and employment. This indicates the vitality of China's basic socialist economic system, in which public sector assets retain a dominant position and the non-public sector makes the primary economic contribution, and thus provides a theoretical justif ication for ownership reform in the primary stage of socialism in China and the 'two unswervinglies' policy.