年龄相关性黄斑变性的治疗进展

Advances in the Treatment of Age-related Macular Degeneration

年龄相关性黄斑变性(AMD)引起脉络膜新生血管的形成,可伴随有视网膜下积液、视网膜下出血及纤维瘢痕组织,导致中心视力进行性、不可逆的下降。以往的治疗方法包括激光光凝术、经瞳孔温热疗法、黄斑转位术等,随着科学技术的发展,新生血管性AMD的治疗也有了很大的进步,光动力疗法可减少黄斑病变患者视力损失的风险。曲安奈德、抗血管内皮生长因子等药物被证明可以有效抑制或延缓患者视力的损失,甚至可以提高患者的视敏度。尤其是抗血管内皮生长因子的研究越来越受关注。另外,基因治疗的不断发展为治疗新生血管性AMD开辟了一条新路,受到了眼科医师的重视。

Choroid neovaseulzation due to age-related macular degeneration （AMD）may be associated with subretinal fluid, subretinal hemorrhage and fibrovaseular diseiform sear, which usually lead to progressive and irreversible central vision loss. The old treatments contained ：laser photoeoagulation, transpuillary thermo- therapy, maenlar translocation surgery. Currently, with the achieved in the treatment for choroid neovasculzation due development of technology, rapid progress has been to AMD. Photodynamic therapy can reduce the risk of further loss of visual acuity in the patients. Triamcinolone acetonide, anti-vascular endothelial growth factor drugs have been demonstrated to limit or delay loss of vision or even improve visual acuity. Especially that the research of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor has been more and more concerned. In addition, the devel- opment of gene therapy has opened up a new road for the treatment of neovascular AMD,attracting attention from the ophthalmic doctors.