空气(氧气)催化氧化合成草甘膦催化剂的研究进展

Research progress of catalysts for producing N-phosphonomethyl glycine by air(oxygen) catalytic oxidation

用于空气(氧气)催化氧化双甘膦合成草甘膦的催化剂主要有活性炭催化剂、贵金属催化剂和过渡金属催化剂。本文分别概述了这3种催化剂的研究进展,分析比较了这些催化剂的优点和缺点:活性炭催化剂成本低廉、制备简单但是套用次数少,副产甲醛含量高;贵金属催化剂不仅收率高、产品质量好,而且催化剂可多次套用,但是成本过高,制备和再生也困难;过渡金属催化剂属均相催化,催化剂和产物易分离,但是产品收率较低。最后结合国内现状,认为开发一种催化效果更优、生产成本更低廉、使用和再生简单且环境友好的催化剂是国内草甘膦生产企业亟待解决的问题。

There are mainly three kinds of catalysts used for producing N-phosphonomethyl glycine by air （oxygen） catalytic oxidation：activated carbon,noble metal and transition metal catalysts. The research progress of these catalysts and their relative merits for applications in N-phosphonomethyl glycine synthesis are summarized and analyzed in this paper. Activated carbon catalysts are low cost and can be simply prepared,but they possess short working life and leave too much formaldehyde as by-product. Noble metal catalysts have long operation life and the obtained product is high yield with good quality,but the catalysts are high cost and difficult to be prepared and regenerated. Transition metal catalysts belong to homogeneous catalysts and can be easily separated from products but with low yield. Hence,to address the domestic problems faced by glyphosate enterprises,catalysts,which are low cost,environmental friendly and easily prepared and regenerated,with high activities are urgently required.