染料敏化太阳能电池中TiO_2光阳极形貌研究进展

Research progress in TiO_2 photoanode morphology based on DSSC

纳米TiO2具有合适的禁带宽度(3.2 eV)、良好的光电化学稳定性、价格低廉、易牢固吸附染料等优点,目前仍是应用于染料敏化太阳能电池(DSSC)主要的半导体材料。TiO2光阳极是DSSC的重要组成部分之一,其晶体的形貌与DSSC的光电性能密切相关。本文综述了应用于DSSC中不同形貌TiO2光阳极,重点探讨了常规TiO2光阳极形貌,如纳米粒子、纳米棒、纳米线、纳米管;对新型TiO2光阳极及复合光阳极的形貌也作了介绍。讨论了不同形貌TiO2光阳极的制备方法及其结构对DSSC光电性能的影响,提出TiO2光阳极今后的研究方向是将不同形貌光阳极进行复合或混合掺杂来提高电子传输速率、优化TiO2薄膜厚度、控制TiO2薄膜中晶体结构抑制电荷再结合、提高电荷传输效率。

TiO2 nanomaterials are widely used in dye sensitized solar cells （DSSC） because of its appropriate bandgap width of 3.2eV,good photoelectrochemical stability;low cost and firm dye adsorbing. TiO2 photoanode is one of the most important parts of the DSSC,and its morphology is closely related to the photoelectric performances of the DSSC. Different morphologies of TiO2 photoanode applied in DSSC were introduced in this paper. The general TiO2 photoanode morphologies,including nanoparticles,nanorods,nanowires and nanotubes,were emphatically discussed. The novel and composite TiO2 photoanode morphologies were also introduced. The effect of preparation methods and morphologies of TiO2 photoanode on DSSC photovoltaic performance were discussed. The future research direction of TiO2 photoanode is proposed,which includes the use of composite or mixed doped of different photoanode morphologies to improve electron transport rate,the optimization of TiO2 film thickness,the crystal structure controlling of TiO2 thin films with depressing of charge recombination,and the improvement of the charge transferring efficiency.