梁实秋论科学与文学

Liang Shi-qiu's Perspective on Science and Literature

近代以来,时代对科学的推崇使科学的世界观和方法论也不可避免地渗入到文学中,中国近代不少知识分子都关注到这一问题。梁实秋谈科学与文学,把握住了二者的辩证关系:一方面他认为科学的影响使文学进一步发展,特别是促使文学批评主观色彩逐渐减少、能够从文本出发对作品进行客观的分析而不是随意褒贬;另一方面他又指出科学和文学存在着本质差异,不能机械化地搬用科学的方法和结论,而应该以文学自身为立足点。他关于科学与文学关系的分析对我们探讨在尊重文学自身规律的前提条件下怎样利用科学为文学带来新的发展和变革这一命题具有启示意义。

Scientific worldview and methodology inevitably infiltrated into literature when science was encouraged since the mod- ern times. Liang Shi - qiu grasped the dialectical relationship of science and literature. On the one hand, the impact of science pushes the further development of literature, which especially promotes objectivity of literary criticism, judging works from the objective text, rather than subjective intention of critics. On the other hand, there are indeed dramatic differences in the nature of science and literature, which decide that it＇s no good to copy scientific methods and conclusions in literature. Liang＇s analysis of science and literature could inspire research on how to enhance the ability of literary criticism by some scientific methods, meanwhile esteeming the law of literature itself.