解读张承志《春天》的“味外之旨”

Interpretation of the Hidden Meaning of Spring by Zhang Chengzhi

张承志的文风如铁,慷慨硬朗,笔下的男子汉很多,《春天》讲述了乔玛阻截受惊马群,防止它们在暴风雪中冻死,与暴风雪搏击的故事。小说赞扬了真正的男子汉,他们用自己的牺牲为代价,最终战胜恶魔,揭示了爱情是其超越自我的力量源泉。张承志的小说中有一种民族之魂,是一种民族的精神性格,受苦是生命的实体,也是人格的根源,因为惟有受苦才能使我们成为真正的人。正因为此,奶奶淡漠了死的背后暗含着她的隐痛,也更坚定了生的希冀。神秘的驼背老人的独语,揭示出"春天"所隐喻的内涵和包孕的深远意旨,承载着张承志的理想主义,里面藏着他对草原人民深深的热爱。用一种开朗的、进取的、散漫的态度看人、看社会,淡然地忍受历史造就的缺憾和内心尚未平复的创痛。

In Zhang Chengzhi＇s works, the author has created a lot of men＇s image. Taking Qiao Ma, a hero in his novel Spring, for an example, he is not afraid of sacrifice and eventually overcomes snowstorm, which prais- es the real man and reveals the love is the power source of superego. Zhang Chengzhi＇s novel has the soul of a nation, which is the spirit of national character. Suffering is the entity of life as well as the root of personality, for suffering is the only thing that lets us become a real person. Just because of this, grandma died indifferently, im- plying her dull ache and hoping for surviving. Mysterious hunchback old man＇s soliloquy reveals the hidden con- notation of Spring and profound intention, which bear the idealism of Zhang Chengzhi and hide his deep love to the grassland people.