锌焙砂的选择性还原焙烧硫酸浸出工艺研究

Zinc recovery from zinc calcine by selective reduction roasting and acid leaching

研究了选择性还原焙烧-硫酸浸出两段工艺处理高铁锌焙砂的方法.首先在CO还原气氛下将锌焙砂中的铁酸锌选择性转化为氧化锌和磁铁矿,然后采用硫酸浸出使可溶锌溶出而铁存留于渣中,实现铁锌有效分离.主要考察了还原焙烧以及硫酸浸出的工艺条件对铁锌分离效果的影响,并采用化学分析法及XRD、SEM-EDS的检测手段对焙烧样品进行分析.以可溶性锌和亚铁的含量作为焙烧评价指标,得出最佳焙烧条件为:焙烧温度750℃,焙烧时间60 min,CO浓度8%,CO/(CO+CO2)气氛比例20%,此条件下可溶锌率由原焙砂中的79.64%提高到91.75%;以铁锌浸出率为考察指标,得出最佳浸出条件为∶常温浸出,浸出时间30 min,浸出酸度90 g/L,液固比10∶1,此条件下锌铁浸出率分别为91.8%和7.17%.

Zinc recovery from zinc calcine containing high content of iron by selective reduction roasting and acid leaching was investigated. Zinc ferrite in zinc calcine was selectively transformed to zinc oxide and magnetite under CO and CO2 atmosphere. The reduced zinc calcine was then leached with sulfuric acid for dissolving the soluble zinc in the leaching solution and leaving the iron in the residue as magnetite. The effects of reaction parameters of reduction roasting and sulfuric acid leaching on the recovery of zinc were studied and the reduced sample was analyzed by chemical analysis, XRD and SEM-EDS. Using the content of soluble zinc and ferrous iron as the evaluation index of the reduction roasting, the optimum conditions were obtained as follows： roasting temperature （750 ^（2）, roasting time （60 rain）, CO concentration （8 %） and CO/（CO＋CO2） ratio （20 %）. Under the optimum conditions, the content of soluble zinc in zinc calcine increased from 79.64 % to 91.75 %. With the leaching efficiency of zinc and iron as the evaluation index of the acid leaching, the best leaching conditions were obtained as follows： leaching temperature （normal temperature）, leaching time （30 rain）, sulfuric acid concentration （90 g/L） and liquid to solid ratio （10：1）. The leaching efficiency of zinc and iron under this condition is 91.8 % and 7.17 %, respectively.