超声波法提取野生石蒜中加兰他敏

Ultrasonic Extraction of Galanthamine from Wild Lycoris Herb.

石蒜是我国丰富的野生资源之一,其鳞茎富含重要药用成分加兰他敏。为了获得石蒜中加兰他敏的超声波提取方法,以野生石蒜为原料,用乙醇作提取剂,探讨了超声波提取加兰他敏的工艺条件,并与常规溶剂法进行了比较。分析了料液比、超声波功率、提取温度、提取时间、提取次数等因素对加兰他敏提取效果的影响,运用正交实验L9(34)确定了最佳提取工艺条件。结果显示,超声波提取加兰他敏的最佳工艺条件为:料液比1:6,超声波功率250 W,提取温度60℃,提取时间1.5 h,提取2次;加兰他敏的提取率为94.6%,产率为0.0543%;提取物中加兰他敏含量为15.53%。与常规溶剂法相比,超声波法具有用时少、提取率高、提取次数少等优点,整体效果优于常规溶剂法。

Lycoris Herb. is one of abundant wild resources in China, and its bulb has rich galanthamine that is an important medicial constituent. Extraction of galanthamine from wild Lycoris Herb. was made by ultrasonic method with ethanol, and its effects were compared with those of conventional solvent method. The single factor test included the solid -liquid ratio, extraction temperature, ultrasonic watt, extraction time and extraction times. The optimal conditions of extraction technology were discovered by orthogonal test L9 （34）. The results showed that the optimal conditions of ultrasonic extraction were as follows： the ratio of sample to solvent was 1 ： 6, ultrasonic watt 250 W, extraction temperature 60 ℃, extraction time 1.5h, and extraction 2 times. The extraction ratio and yield of galanthamine were 94.6% and 0.0543%, respectively. The concentration of galanthamine in the extract was 15.53%. Compared with the conventional solvent method, the ultrasonic method had advantages of higher extraction ratio, less extraction time and extraction times. The general effect of ultrasonic method was better than that of conventional solvent method.