基于XRD和FTIR的香樟木质部提取物处理材褐腐的光谱学分析

Spectroscopic Analysis of the Decay Resistance of Wood Treated with Extracts from the Xylem of Cinnamomum Camphora with XRD and FTIR Approaches

植物源防腐剂因其环保、广谱、高效等特点越来越受到木材防腐行业的重视,从微观层面探索香樟提取物影响木材腐朽的机理是发展利用植物源防腐剂的重要基础。试验采用香樟木质部的四种溶剂提取物、ACQ及樟脑配制成防腐剂进行防腐试验,结果表明:10%浓度的香樟木质部甲醇提取物以及4%浓度的ACQ处理试件均达到I级强耐腐水平,4%樟脑、10%香樟乙酸乙酯和10%丙酮提取物处理的试件达到Ⅱ级耐腐水平。通过XRD对比发现结晶区2θ衍射强度由大到小的顺序为:10%蒸馏水提取物处理材、马尾松素样、10%丙酮提取物处理材、10%甲醇提取物处理材、10%乙酸乙酯提取物处理材,四种香樟木质部提取物的防腐效果与相对结晶度大小呈正相关。通过FTIR研究发现表征纤维素和半纤维素的特征峰值越低,则被降解的量也越大,相对应的防腐剂防腐效果越差。处理试件中表征木质素的一系列特征峰峰高与未处理材相比有所升高。香樟甲醇提取物以及ACQ处理试件的I1 510/I1 738,I1 510/I1 374,I1 510/I1 160的比值最小,证明褐腐菌对其综纤维素的降解能力最弱,防腐效果最好。

Four kinds of extracts from the xylem of C .Camphora ,ACQ and camphor were selected to make wood preservatives for laboratory toxicity test of wood preservatives for decay fungus .The results showed that the treated blocks with 4% ACQ and 10% methanol extracts could meet the demand of degree Ⅰ of preservation and showed strong resistance to brown-rot fungus at-tack .The wood treated with 4% camphor extracts ,10% ethyl acetate extracts ,and 10% acetone extracts reached the demand of degree Ⅱ and showed moderate decay resistance .The blocks treated with 10% hot water extracts and untreated samples meet the demand of degree Ⅲ .Through XRD comparison ,the author was found that the preservative effects of four extracts are pro-portional to the degree of crystallinity .Crystallization fields 2θdiffraction angle were ordered from larger to little as 10% hot wa-ter extracts＆gt;untreated samples＆gt;10% acetone extracts＆gt;10% methanol extracts＆gt;10% ethyl acetate extracts .According to FT-IR analysis ,the amount of degraded cellulose and hemicellulose increased with the decline of characteristic absorption peak at 1 374 ,1 160 ,1 106 ,1 056 and 897 cm -1 ,meaning that the preservative effect of corresponding preservatives were getting worse .The peak height of characterization of lignin is higher compared to the untreated wood .I1510/I1738 ,I1510/I1374 ,I1510/I1 160 of the treated blocks with 10% methanol extracts and 4% ACQ are the smallest in all the treated blocks ,which proved that the degradation ability of brown -rot fungus to the holocellulose is the weakest ,and the wood preservative is best .