矿井瞬变电磁法定向超前探测机理及方法研究

research on the mechanics and technology of the directional-advance prospecting about mining transient electromagnetic method

巷道掘进前方隐伏的导、含水构造或老窑采空积水区极易造成矿井突水事故,对煤矿安全生产构成极大威胁。研究定向超前探测技术,准确及时地预报掘进前方隐伏的赋水构造,对于煤矿的防治水工作与安全生产具有重要意义。本文首先通过数值模拟分析了磁偶源平行层理激发方式下全空间瞬变电场的扩散衰减过程,得到了不同地电断面瞬变磁场的响应特征,分析了矿井瞬变电磁定向超前探测的原理,在此基础上研究了瞬变电磁定向探测的数据采集与处理技术。最后通过实例分析,说明矿井瞬变电磁法定向超前探测技术对老窑采空积水区和巷道前方断层的探测取得了好的应用效果。

The water-bearing structure or water-accumulated areas in mine old gobs which are hidden in front of the roadway when excavated can lead to water bursting in mines easily. Researching the advanced detecting technology which forecasts aquifer structure before the excavated roadway accurately is important to ensure safe production of coal mine and develop work of prevention and cure water disaster. In this paper, we simulate the diffusion and attenuation process of the transient electromagnetic field in full space which in the way of magnetic dipole source parallel bedding, then we obtain the response characteristics of transient electromagnetic field in different geo-electric sections. Furthermore, we indicate the technology mechanism of directional-advance prospecting about transient electromagnetic method, meanwhile, study and perfect the technology of the directional detection about mining transient electromagnetic method further. Through the analysis of the two examples illustrate that the technology of the directional-advance prospecting about mining transient electromagnetic method can detect the range of old kiln gobs water area and the boundary position of fault structure accurately and effectively, which provide reliable geophysical exploration technology information for the prevention and control of water work in mine.