“不A不B”格式的表义类型与构式化等级

The Semantic Type and Constructionlization Degree of Scope Structure "bu(不)A bu(不)B"

文章认为,宏观上,认为决定"不A不B"格式不同用法的关键是变量A与B之间的意义关系,表示全量范围的并列式是其基本类型,A与B之间是同类非同义词语;当A、B间的语义关系突破这个范围时,就变成偏正式;当A、B之间是同义词语,就变成复指式;当A、B之间是反义关系,就变成对立式,后者又因感情色彩的不同分为适中类、不适类。微观上,同类"不A不B"格式在不同语境中用法的不同源于构式化程度不同,构式化程度高的"不A不B"格式特征为主观化、隐喻化、消极表义化。

'Bu(不)A bu(不)B' structure has several types,such as(generalized)cause and effect,refers to the meaning,the scope of righteousness.The scope of righteousness is the common meaning,which has several semantic types,such as properties,scope,behavior types.The internal structure of 'Bu(不)A bu(不)B' with the scope of righteousness is not balanced,which stays in the different stages of the process of constructionalization. 'Bu(不)A bu(不)B' structure with high degree of constructionalization is from table properties scope to the table attributes in sense,weakening the range righteousness.Derived features can be characterized as subjective, metaphorical,and negative table righteous tendencies.In this paper,the conclusion can explain all kinds of 'not A not B' structure.