基于Maple的重载货车弹簧优化设计

Optimum Design of Heavy Haul Freight Car's Spring Based on Maple

圆柱螺旋弹簧是铁道车辆的重要零部件之一,它具有支撑、减振、力传递等作用。在满足使用条件与可靠性的同时又能做到轻量化是人们一直普遍关注的问题。在弹簧优化设计中考虑了刚度、剪切强度、疲劳强度、稳定性、不发生共振、不并圈、旋绕比约束[1],以弹簧质量最小为目标函数建立了重载货车弹簧的优化设计数学模型,并研究了利用Maple的优化助手求解模型的方法。算例分析表明,弹簧质量比优化前减轻33.87%。

Helical springs is one of the important parts of railway vehicles, it has support, shock absorption, power transmis-sion and so on.It considers the stiffness, shear strength, fatigue strength, stability, resonance,ring and spring norms in the optimization process,establishing mathematical model with minimum weight as objective function and researching using Maple optimization methods to solve the model.The examples show that the optimized spring has 33.87%less than before.