南方青少年BMI标准群皮下脂肪与肌肉厚度分布的特点及动态分析——以温州地区为例

Characters and Developmental Pattern of the Thicknesses of Subcutaneous Fat Layer and Muscle Layers Measured by Type- B Ultrasound in Southern Youth with Normal BMIs——Wenzhou example

研究BMI标准群高中生的皮下脂肪和肌肉发育状况及规律。进一步剖析青少年隐性肥胖现象和各部位肌肉的动态变化趋势。本研究以浙江省温州市某高中1992-1995年之间出生的368名(男183名,女185名)为对象,使用B超测定上臂前部、上臂后部、腹部大腿前部和小腿后部的皮下脂肪及肌肉厚度数据进行分析。随着年龄的增加男女腹部皮下脂肪均有明显下降趋势,女子肱三头肌部位有增加趋势,其他各部位无明显规律。男生肌肉随着年龄的增大肱二头肌、股四头肌和腓肠肌略见增加趋势之外,男女其他各部位均未见有规律的明显增加,腹肌还略见下降。BMI标准群青少年的皮下脂肪随年龄变化影响较大的为腹部脂肪的变化。男女腹肌有略降趋势,加强腹肌练习对于青少年的身体正常发育有着很重要的意义。

To reveal the developmental pattern of subcutaneous fat in high school students with normal BMIs. One hundred and twenty- two students （57 males and 65 females ） from a high school in Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, who were born between 1992 and 1995, were involved in this study. The thicknesses of subcutaneous fat layer and muscle layers of biceps, triceps, abdo- men, lap and posterior crural region were measured by using the Type - B ultrasound. The thicknesses of subcutaneous fat layer correlated negatively with age in abdomen in both male and female students, but positively in the triceps region in female students. No significant change was observed in other regions. The thicknesses of biceps, humerus quadriceps and gastrocnemius muscles show slight increase along with age in male students. No significant increase was observed in other regions. The thickness of abdo- men muscle even tends to decrease in both male and female students. The thicknesses of abdomen subcutaneous fat layer changes most significantly along with age. The decreasing tendency of the thicknesses of abdomen muscle indicated the necessity to strength the exercises on abdominal muscles in teenagers.