银川9～17岁女童青春发动状况及其与肥胖关系

Pubertal onset and its relation with adiposity among 9-17 years old girls in Yinchuan

目的了解银川地区9~17岁城市女童青春发动状况以及发动时相提前与肥胖的关系,为开展青春期教育和控制肥胖提供依据。方法采用分层整群抽取银川市小学、初中、高中学校各2所,小学四~六年级、初中一至三年级、高中一至二年级,每个年级随机抽取2个班的女生共1 265名进行问卷调查与体格检查。结果女童乳房发育、阴毛发育、月经来潮的平均年龄分别为9.25,11.23,12.23岁。9~17岁女童超重和肥胖检出率分别是8.1%,5.1%。11~14岁组女童的月经来潮组与未来潮组的体重、腰围、臀围和BMI指数差异均有统计学意义（P值均〈0.05）;青春发动时相提前组女童超重、肥胖率为12.9%和6.3%,BMI值明显高于青春发动时相正常和延迟组,差异均有统计学意义（P值均〈0.05）。结论银川城市女童青春发育进程符合儿童青春发育顺序规律,女童肥胖超重与青春发动时相提前有关。

Objective To determine characteristics of pubertal onset among girls aged 9-17 years old in Yinchuan,and to explore possible relationship with adiposity as to formulate specific strategies for pubertal education and obesity prevention. Methods Two elementary schools,two junior middle schools and two high schools were chosen through stratified cluster sampling method. A total of 1 265 girls from 2 classes randomly selected from grade 4-6,7-9 and 10-11. Questionnaire survey and physical examination including secondary sexual characteristics examination were implemented. Results Median age of breast,pubic hair development and menarche was 9.25 years,11.23 years and 12.23 years,respectively. Prevalence of overweight and obesity among these girls was 8.1% and 5.1%. There were significant differences in weight,waist circumference,hip circumference and body mass index（ BMI） between girls having already experienced menarche and those not having experienced menarche. About 12.9% and 6.3% of girls with early puberty were overweight and obese. Also average BMI in early puberty group was significant higher than those in on-time group and late-onset group. Conclusion Pubertal development among girls aged 9-17 years old is comparable with national data. Adiposity is significantly associated with early puberty among girls.