济南高校学生乙肝认知水平与态度调查

Knowledge and attitude of undergraduates towards hepatitis B in Jinan

目的了解济南市高校学生乙肝认知水平及态度,为开展相应的健康教育工作提供参考。方法采取分层整群随机抽样法,抽取济南市12所高校学生共1 336名作为调查对象,采用自行设计的问卷进行调查。结果济南市高校学生对乙肝防治知识有一定了解,但知识结构不全面。仅有50.07%的学生知道注射疫苗是预防乙肝最有效的方法,对于乙肝病毒不能经消化道、呼吸道传播的正确认知比例不足30%,且与所学专业有一定关系。学生对乙肝相关的法律法规认知程度不足,约70%的学生不清楚已有相关法律规定取消入学、就业体检"乙肝五项"的检查,且所学专业与性别对此认知有影响。学生对乙肝携带者的正向态度不足。结论高校应充分利用课堂与大众传媒相结合的方法对学生进行全面系统的健康教育,提高学生对乙肝的认知程度及态度。

Objective To obtain the knowledge and attitude of hepatitis B among undergraduates of Jinan,and to provide specific references for health education. Methods A self-completed questionnaire survey was conducted among 1 336 undergraduates who were selected by stratified cluster sampling from 12 universities in Jinan. The descriptive analysis andχ2test were used to statistical analysis. Results Undergraduates in Jinan had some basic medical knowledge about hepatitis B,though incomprehensive. Only 50.07% of the students had a correct perception on the most effective way to prevent hepatitis B. Less than 30% of the students had the awareness that hepatitis B virus can not spread through the digestive tract or the respiratory tract. Knowledge on hepatitis B related with the major in university. Participants were lack of proper awareness of laws and regulations related to hepatitis B. About 70% of the students did not know there is no examination of hepatitis B five items. Positive attitude towards hepatitis B carriers is not enough,and was dependent on knowledge of medical basics of hepatitis B. Conclusion Comprehensive hepatitis health program that combined mass media should be development and implemented to undergraduates as soon as possible.