少数民族地区中学生创伤后成长与家庭复原力的关系

Relationship between the family resilience and posttraumatic growth among middle school students in minority nationality regions

目的探讨少数民族地区中学生创伤后成长与家庭复原力的关系,为灾后民族地区青少年的心理健康教育和心理疏导工作提供依据。方法整群抽取"洱源地震"重灾区3所初中的2 025名中学生为研究对象,使用创伤后成长问卷、家庭复原力评定量表进行调查。结果女生在与他人关系因子上得分高于男生,初三学生在个人力量、欣赏生活、创伤后成长总分上均高于初一、初二学生,少数民族中学生在与他人关系、欣赏生活和创伤后成长总分上均高于汉族中学生(P值均<0.05)。少数民族中学生在家庭复原力的亲密和谐、情感分享因子上均显著高于汉族学生(P值均<0.01)。少数民族地区中学生家庭复原力各因子与创伤后成长均存在正相关(P值均<0.01);家庭复原力的困境解读、正向前瞻、问题解决、亲密和谐因子能正向预测少数民族地区中学生创伤后成长(P值均<0.05)。结论促进少数民族地区中学生家庭复原力的发展是提升创伤后成长水平的重要内容。

Objective To examine the relationship between the family resilience and posttraumatic growth among middle school students in minority nationality regions. Methods Family Resilience Scale（ FRS） and Posttraumatic Growth Inventory（ PGI） were implemented among 2 025 middle school students after an earthquake. Results Girls scored higher in factors of relating to others than that of boys＇（ P0.05）. Students in grade 9 scored higher in factors of personal strength and deeper appreciation of life and total scores of PGI than those in grade 7 and 8（ P0.01）. Factors scores of relating to others,deeper appreciation of life and total scores of PGI among minority students were better than students with Han nationality（ P0.01）. The differences were also found in scores of close harmony and emotional sharing in FRS between minority and Han nationality students. Several factors of family resilience including interpretation of trouble,positive expectations,problem solving and close harmony were positively related with posttraumatic growth in middle school students. Conclusion These findings imply that elements of family resilience can affect children＇s posttraumatic growth after a disaster.