贵州省布依族与汉族女性人群体质类型分布状况及其影响因素

Distribution and influencing factors of body constitution in women of Buyi nationality and Han nationality in Guizhou province

目的：探讨贵州省布依族与汉族女性人群体质类型分布状况及其影响因素。方法：共收集5156例女性人群作为研究对象，按民族分为布依族组（2622例）和汉族组（2534例），两组按年龄均分为6个年龄组，〈20岁、21～30岁、31—40岁、41—50岁、51～60岁和61—78岁年龄组，分别进行问卷调查，测量两组各年龄段女性人群身高、体重，并采用9种体质分类表对研究对象进行调查，分析影响两民族女性人群体质类型分布的相关因素。结果：布依族组各年龄段体质类型，气虚质、阴虚质分布与汉族组同年龄段比较，差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．01）；汉族组各年龄段体质类型，痰湿质、湿热质和血瘀质分布与布依族组同年龄段比较，差异也有统计学意义（P〈0．01），两组各年龄段体质类型，正常质、阳虚质、气郁质和特禀质分布比较，差异均无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。多因素Logistic回归分析结果表明，嗜酸性食物、文化程度、居住干栏式建筑、体育运动、居住喀斯特地貌地区、宗教信仰、家庭经济收入及体质指数等是影响布依族女性人群体质类型分布的主要因素。结论：贵州省布依族与汉族女性人群体质类型分布存在一定的差别。

Objective： To explore the distribution and influencing factors of body constitution in women of Buyi nationality and Han nationality in Guizhon province. Methods： A total of 5 156 women were collected as study objects, and then they were divided into Buyi na- tionality group （2 622 women） and Han nationality group （2 534 women） according to nationality; the women in the two groups were divided into six subgroups according to age ： 〈 20 - year - old group, 21 - 30 - year - old group, 31 - 40 - year - old group, 41 - 50 - year - old group, 51 -60- year- old group, and 61 -78 -year- old group; the women were surveyed by a questionnaire, respectively; the data of body height and body weight of women in different age groups were measured ; a classification table of nine kinds of constitutional types was used to survey the study objects ; the relevant influencing factors of distribution of body constitution in women of Buyi nationality and Hart nationality were analyzed. Results： There were statistically significant differences in the distributions of Qi - deficiency constitution, Yin - deficiency constitution, Phlegm - wetness constitution, dampness - heat constitution, and blood - stasis constitution in women of different age groups between Buyi nationality group and Han nationality group （P 〈 0. 01 ） ; there was no statistically significant difference in normal constitution, Yang - deficiency constitution, Qi - depression constitution, and specific endowment constitution in women of different age groups between Buyi nationality group and Han nationality group （P 〉 0. 05） ; multivariate logistic regreesion analysis suggested that the related influencing factors of body constitution distribution in women of Buyi nationality included liking acidic foods, educational background, living in stilt style architecture, sports, living in Karst landform area, religious belief, family income, and body mass index. Conclusion：There are a certain differences in body constitution distribution of women between Buyi nationality and Han nationality.