鼠李糖脂／蔗糖酯辅助乙醇提取沙棘籽黄酮的工艺条件及初步鉴定

Optimization of Process Conditions for the Extraction of Flavonoids from Sea Buckthorn Seeds Using Ethanol Combined with Different Surfactants and Preliminary Characterization of the Extracte d Flavonoids

以沙棘籽粉为研究对象,在单因素试验的基础上优化鼠李糖脂或蔗糖酯辅助提取沙棘籽黄酮的工艺,同时对所得黄酮类物质进行初步纯化鉴定。结果表明:适当添加该两种表面活性剂可以提高沙棘籽黄酮的提取率;鼠李糖脂辅助提取法最优条件为体积分数65%乙醇、鼠李糖脂质量分数0.33%、液料比40∶1、提取温度80℃、提取时间1.5 h,提取率为(5.34±0.07)mg/g;蔗糖酯辅助提取法最优条件为体积分数65%乙醇、蔗糖脂质量分数0.02%、液料比60∶1、提取温度80℃、提取时间1 h,提取率为(5.91±0.11)mg/g;高效液相色谱分析发现所得黄酮物质组分上与传统醇提法无明显差异,用AB-8型大孔吸附树脂初步分离可以判断含有山奈酚。

The extraction of flavonoids from sea buckthom seeds using ethanol with different added surfactants, rhamnolipid or sucose ester was optimized by orthogonal array design method in the present study. Meanwhile, the extracted flavonoids were preliminarily purified and characterized. The extraction efficiency of flavonoids from sea buckthorn seeds was improved by addition of proper amounts of each surfactant. The optimal conditions for rhamnolipid-assisted extraction were extraction at 80 ℃ for 1.5 h using 65% aqueous ethanol as extractant with added 0.33% （mass fraction） rhamnolipid at a solvent-to-solid ratio of 40：1, resulting in a yield of （5.34 ± 0.07） mg/g. The optimal conditions for sucrose ester-assisted extraction were extractions at 80 ℃ for 1 h using an extractant consisting of 65% aqueous ethanol with added 0.02% sucrose ester with a solvent-to-solid ratio of 60：1, resulting in a yield of （5.91 ± 0.11） mg/g. The results of HPLC analysis showed that the flavonoid composition of both extracts obtained was not significantly different from that obtained with the traditional extraction procedure using ethanol alone. Kaempferol was separated by AB-8 macroporous resign chromatography from the two extracts obtained in this study.