渤海墓葬演变与渤海初期人口的民族构成

On the Evolvement of Bohai Tombs and Ethnic Composition during the Early Days of Bohai Regime

墓葬是渤海政权的主要遗存之一。渤海墓葬分为三种结构六种类型,即土结构中的土坑,石结构中的石圹、石室、石椁(棺)和砖结构中的砖室、砖椁。六顶山墓葬中占总数一半以上、多为中小型的土坑墓属于以粟末部为主的靺鞨人的墓葬,石结构墓葬中的大中型墓葬则是自营州东奔、构成渤海政权初期上层掌权者的粟末部、白山部靺鞨人和高句丽人的墓葬,这部分人正是日本古籍《类聚国史》中所记载的包括"都督"和"刺史"在内的"土人"。位于"土人"之上的渤海王族大氏是曾附属于高句丽的粟末靺鞨人。

As one of the main remains of Bohai regime,Bohai tombs can be divided into soil,stone and brick these three structures and six types w hich are soil pit,stone pit,stone chamber,stone coffin,brick chamber and brick coffin.The soil-pit tombs,mostly small and medium-sized,accounting for more than half of the tombs at Liudingshan graveyard,belong to the Mohe w ith the Sumo as their main tribe. As to the stone structure tombs in large and medium size,they are the graves of the Goguryeo and the Mohe of the Sumo and Baishan tribe w ho w ere originally from Yingzhou and became the ruling pow er during the early days of Bohai regime. These people are recorded as 'Turen'( the native),including 'Dudu'( military governor) and'Cishi'( prefectural inspector) in the Japanese ancient book Leijuguoshi(A National History of Gathering Groups). Above the'Turen',Bohai's royal family the Dashi w as the Mohe of Sumo tribe w ho used to submit to the Goguryeo regime.