美国学业质量评价的新视点:中间性评价的产生、应用及发展

New Perspective of American Academic Quality Assessment:the Emergence, Application and Development of Interim Assessments

随着建构学业质量评价系统成为当前许多国家通行的做法,在开展学业质量分析时,如何做到"问责与教学反馈两者兼得"成了一个全球性的探索性研究课题。为了解决这一难题,美国提出了中间性评价。中间性评价指的是介乎形成性评价和总结性评价之间的评价。中间性评价的应用大致由三个环节组成:中间性评价测试的开发、基准评价试题库的建立和教师专业发展。中间性评价的突出优势表现在:中间性评价提供的诊断性信息有利于调整教学计划,更好地满足学生的学习需求;中间性评价可用于评价各种课程和教学实践的有效性;中间性评价可以预测学生在年末州级考试的表现。分析中间性评价的产生、应用及发展,对推动我国学业质量评价改革的研究具有一定的借鉴意义。

With the construction of the academic quality assessment system having become a common prac- lice in many countries of the world, how to achieve both accountability and instructional feedback in academic quality analysis has become a global research topic. To solve this problem, the United States proposed interim as- sessments that fall between formative and summative assessment. The application of interim assessments consists of three components ： interim assessments, a benchmark assessment item bank, and professional development. The prominent advantages of interim assessments includes ： to provide diagnostic information for adjusting instructional programs to better meet students＇learning needs; to evaluate the effectiveness of various curricular and instruction- al practices; and to predict performance in the end-of-year state tests. To review the emergence, application and development of interim assessments will promote the research on educational quality assessment in our country.