适用于乘用车人机设计验证的人机台架系统开发

Development of an Equipment System Used for Passenger Car Ergonomic Design and Evaluation

针对传统的采用物理模型或样车进行人机工效验证的方式存在成本高、修改不便、设计周期长等缺点,结合企业需求,研究并开发了各主要部分能够调节位置的人机设计验证台架系统。首先进行了需求分析,确定了需要覆盖的目标车型范围,明确了利用该台架能够验证的人机工效内容,并确定了主要的功能和结构要求。在此基础上,对总体的设计开发思路、需要考虑的定位基准系统以及各部分空间和各主要的自由度位置及行程进行了概念设计。根据经过反复论证的概念方案,参考各种型材和机构的行业标准,设计了台架的总体结构和各部分调节机构,并对结构和机构进行了强度、刚度和运动分析。与第三方制造商合作完成了整个台架系统的加工、制造、装配和调试过程。试运行的结果证明,该台架能够很好地模拟和呈现设计目标所规定的车型,并能方便地对汽车使用中的各种人机工效进行评价、修改和再评价。

The traditional evaluation method of ergonomics adopted physical mockups or proto- types ,which was very costly, and was inconvenient to modify, and usually caused prolonged develop- ment cycle--time. Herein, in conjunction with enterprise＇s requirements, an ergonomic validation e- quipment system, which had adjustable main parts, was developed. Firstly, requirements were ana- lyzed,and target model cars ranges were determined,and ergonomic contents which could be validated using this equipment were clarified. The main functions and structural needs were confirmed. Based on above analysis,the overall concept, reference fiducial marks system, space requirement, positions and travels of adjustment devices were designed. According to the validated concepts, considering the standards of section bars and machines,the structure and adjustment devices of every part were de- signed and analyzed for their strength, stiffness and movement spaces. Finally, together with the man- ufacturer,the equipment systems were produced,assembled and tested. The test runs show that the system can simulate and present the cars defined in design target, and can evaluate, modify and reeval- uate various ergonomic problems in their applications.