固态胺二氧化碳去除系统中反应罐的设计

Design of Reaction Canister in A Solid Amine Carbon Dioxide Removal System.

目的设计一种能满足长期载人航天器内固态胺吸附 /水蒸气解吸CO2 控制系统要求的反应罐。方法根据系统要求及固态胺本身特性 ,解决如下关键问题 :( 1 )额定的阻力损失需要减少床高与吸附、浓缩需要增加床高的问题 ;( 2 )有限的解吸热量与一定解吸温度保持的问题 ;( 3)微重力下如何适应固态胺的膨胀与收缩的问题。结果成功地实现了CO2 的吸附、解吸及浓缩 ,系统可控制座舱CO2 浓度在0 .5%以下 ,浓缩的CO2 浓度 >95% ,可直接进入CO2 还原系统 ,系统阻力低于 1 60mmH2 O ,解吸能耗降到 650W以下。结论设计的反应罐能满足微重力条件下固态胺二氧化碳去除系统的要求。

Objective To design a reaction canister using in solid amine carbon dioxide removal system for long duration spaceflight. Method On consideration of system demand and properties of solid amine, key problems must be solved were found out: 1) the rated resistance limit tends to shorten the length of the canister while absorption and concentration require to increase the length of the canister; 2) limited quantity of heat for keeping the temperature of the canister; 3) inflation or contraction of the solid amine under micro gravity. Result After appropriate measures were taken, effective adsorption and desorption, as well as concentration of CO 2 were achieved, the concentration of CO 2 in the space cabin could be controlled below 0.5%; and the concentration of the concentrated CO 2 was as high as 98% so that it could be directly send to the CO 2 reduction system; and that the resistance of the canister was below 160 mm H 2O; moreover, the energy consumption was decreased to below 650 W. Conclusion The designed reaction canister could meet the requirements of the solid amine carbon bioxide removal system under microgravity.