一种适用于Ad hoc网络的基于概率负载均衡算法

Load balancing algorithm based on probability for Ad hoc networks

为解决移动自组织网络(MANET)中网络拥塞导致的网络时延增大和吞吐量下降,提出一种基于概率的负载均衡算法,节点利用历史负载信息映射网络负载状态,用概率算法进行路由准入,从而完成负载均衡。基于历史状态的负载映射有效解决了分布式独立运算中存在的负载状态判断困难等问题,概率算法能有效克服门限准入法则存在的模糊判别问题,同时大量减少广播包的洪泛,节省信道资源。结合经典的按需路由协议,设计了H&P_DSR(history and probability based dynamic source routing)协议。仿真和理论分析一致表明,该负载均衡算法能够准确有效地对网络负载进行均衡,H&P_DSR协议在没有增加任何信道开销的情况下显著提高了网络吞吐量,降低了时延。

To resolve the problems of network congestion leading to high end-to-end delay and low throughput in MANET （mobile Ad hoc network） , this paper proposed an algorithm of load-balancing based on probability. In this algorithm, nodes mapped the load state of network historical load information and judge route access by probability to balance the load in the networks. Mapping the load state of network by historical load information was an effective solution to the problem of difficult to judge load state in distributed operation. Probabilistic algorithms could effectively overcome the problem of fuzzy recognition in the rule of threshold, while a significant reduction the flooding of broadcast and saving channel resources. Combined with clas- sical reactive routing protocol, it developed a new routing protocol called H＆P DSR. The computer simulation confirms the theoretical analysis and shows the load balancing algorithm could balance network load accurately and efficiently, H＆P_DSR protocol improves network throughput and reduces the end-to-end delay effectively without extra route overhead.