不同土壤对长白9号水稻抽穗后各器官渗透调节能力及膜损伤的影响

Effect of different kinds of soil on osmotic adjustment ability and membrane injury of various organs of rice Changbai 9 after heading

为了筛选出适宜长白9号种植的黑土、盐碱土的最佳配比,研究了5种土壤对长白9号抽穗后叶、穗、茎、鞘各器官渗透调节能力及膜损伤程度的影响。结果表明:黑土∶碱土=1∶1处理(C)游离氨基酸、脯氨酸及可溶性蛋白质含量高于其他配比土壤;黑土与碱土3∶1时,可溶性蛋白和可溶性糖含量与黑土基本一致,游离氨基酸与脯氨酸含量更接近于C处理;原盐碱土生长的长白9号抽穗后各器官的渗透调节物质积累相对较少,丙二醛含量与O2-·产生速率明显高于其他处理;抽穗至成熟,长白9号各器官渗透调节物质的积累顺序依次为叶>穗>茎>鞘,说明原盐碱土高Na+浓度和高pH值使长白9号渗透调节能力降低,膜损伤程度加速;黑土与碱土的比例达到1∶1或更高时,可有效调节土壤的Na+浓度和pH值,长白9号各器官的渗透调节能力提高,叶和穗两器官尤为明显。

In order to screen out the better ratio of black soil and saline-alkali soil for planting rice Changbai 9, the effects of five kinds of soil on the osmotic substances and membrane injury of Changbai 9 leaves, panicle stem and sheath after heading were studied. The results showed that free amino acid, proline and soluble protein contents of treatment C （black soil ： alkaline soil - 1 ： 1 ） were higher than that of other soil combination treatments. When the ratio of black soil and saline-alkali soil was 3 ： 1, the soluble protein and soluble sugar contents were consist- ent with black soil, but free amino acid and proline contents were closer to that of treatment C. The contents of osmotic adjustment substances of different organs were relatively small after head- ing of Changbai 9 grown in the original saline-alkali soil, and MDA content and 02 ~ production rate were obviously higher than in other treatments. The accumulation amounts of osmotic adjust- ment substances of different organs of Changbai 9 from heading to mature were in the order of leaf 〉 panicle 〉 precedes stem 〉 sheath. This suggested that the original saline-alkali soil with a high Na＋ concentration and a high pH value reduced the osmotic adjustment ability and accelerated the injury of membrane of Changbai 9. The ratio of black soil to saline-alkali soil at 1 ： 1 or higher can effectively regulate the soil Na＋ concentration and pH value, and enhance the osmotic adjust- ment ability of Changbai 9 organs, especially for leaf and panicle.