甲醛和三氯乙烯联合染毒对小鼠肾脏的氧化损伤作用

Renal Oxidative Damage Induced by Joint Exposure to Formaldehyde and Trichloroethylene in Mice

[目的]探究甲醛和三氯乙烯联合染毒对小鼠肾脏的氧化损伤作用。[方法]共108只清洁级昆明种小鼠,按3×3析因设计随机平均分为9组:对照组(清洁空气)、甲醛低(1 mg/m3)、甲醛高(5 mg/m3)、三氯乙烯低(1 000 mg/m3)、三氯乙烯高(5 000 mg/m3)、甲醛低+三氯乙烯低(1 mg/m3+1 000 mg/m3)、甲醛低+三氯乙烯高(1 mg/m3+5 000 mg/m3)、甲醛高+三氯乙烯低(5 mg/m3+1 000 mg/m3)、甲醛高+三氯乙烯高(5 mg/m3+5 000 mg/m3)剂量组,每组12只,雌雄各半。采用静式吸入染毒,每天2 h,连续14 d。染毒结束后测定肾组织总抗氧化能力(total antioxidant capacity,T-AOC)、还原型谷胱甘肽(glutathione,GSH)、总超氧化物歧化酶(superoxide dismutase,SOD)和丙二醛(malondialdehyde,MDA)含量。[结果]小鼠肾组织T-AOC、SOD和GSH随染毒剂量升高而明显降低,MDA含量则明显上升,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。其中,联合染毒对雌性小鼠T-AOC的影响存在一定交互作用,具有统计学意义(P<0.05),其他各指标的交互作用并不显著。[结论]甲醛和三氯乙烯吸入染毒对小鼠肾脏均具有氧化损伤作用,两者联合可能存在一定的交互作用。

[Objective] To study the possible renal oxidative damage of joint exposure to formaldehyde and trichloroethylene in mice. [Methods] Totally 108 healthy Kunming inbred strain mice were randomly divided into nine groups, each with half male and half female： a control group （clean air）, two formaldehyde treatment groups （1 mg/m3, 5 mg/m3）, two trichloroethylene treatment groups （1 000 mg/m3, 5 000 mg/m3） and four joint treatment groups of formaldehyde and trichloroethylene （1 mg/m3＋1 000 mg/m3, 1 mg/m3＋5 000 mg/m3, 5 mg/m3＋1 000 mg/m3, 5 mg/m3＋5 000 mg/m3 respectively）. The mice were exposed to formaldehyde and/or trichloroethylene （except the controls） by static inhalation for 14 days, 2 hours per day, then neutralized on the 15th day. Total antioxidant capacity （T-AOC）, glutathione （GSH）, superoxide dismutase （SOD）, and malondialdehyde （MDA） in the renal samples of the mice were determined. [Results] The contents of GSH and the activities of T-AOC and SOD were decreased, and the contents of MDA was increased along with the increasing of formaldehyde and/or trichloroethylene （P 〈 0.05）. There was interaction between formaldehyde and trichloroethylene exposures on T-AOC of female mice （P 〈 0.05）. [Conclusion]Inhaling formaldehyde or trichloroethylene can induce oxidative damage in renal of mice. The joint exposure to formaldehyde and trichloroethylene may exhibit antagonistic effect on oxidative damage in renal.