孕前体重指数、孕期体重增长水平与孕晚期糖、脂水平的相关性分析

The correlation between preconception body mass index,weight gained during pregnancy and serum glucose and lipid levels of late pregnancy

目的：通过分析孕前体重指数（BMI）和孕期体重增长水平与孕晚期糖、脂水平的相关性,探讨其在妊娠期代谢性疾病发病中的作用.方法：以2013年1～6月来本院就诊的单胎晚孕期的妊娠期糖尿病（GDM）患者50例,妊娠期高血压疾病（PHD）患者50例,GDM合并PHD患者30例,正常的晚孕期妇女50例为研究对象,比较妊娠期代谢性疾病组孕前BMI、孕期体重增长水平、空腹血糖（FPG）、甘油三酯（TG）、总胆固醇（TC）、低密度脂蛋白（LDL）、高密度脂蛋白（HDL）与正常对照组的差异,以及孕前BMI、孕期体重增长水平与各项代谢指标的相关性.结果：3个代谢性疾病组孕前BMI、孕期体重增长水平、FPG及TG水平均高于正常对照组（P均＜0.05）,孕前BMI与收缩压、舒张压分别成正相关（r=0.256,P＜0.05;r=0.239,P＜0.05）;孕期体重增长水平与TG、FPG分别成正相关（r=0.340,P＜0.05;r=0.221,P＜0.05）,与HDL成负相关（r=-0.331,P＜0.05）.结论：孕前BMI、孕期体重增长水平与代谢指标密切相关,在妊娠期代谢性疾病发病中起着重要作用;严格控制孕前体重和孕期营养摄人情况有助于预防妊娠期代谢性疾病的发生.

Objective： To explore the correlation between preconception body mass index （BMI）, weight gained during pregnancy and serum glucose and lipid levels of late pregnancy retrospectively. Methods： Fifty pregnancy women with gestational diabetes mellitus （GDM）, 50 with pregnancy hypertension disease （PHD）, 30 with gestational diabetes mellitus （GDM） complicated with PHD and 50 women with a normal pregnancy （control group） who were singleton and at late pregnancy in Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University during January to June 2013 were recruited. The first three groups served as the metabolic disorder group. The BMI, weight gained during pregnancy, concentra- tions of fasting plasma glucose （FPG）, triglyceride （TG）, total cholesterol （TC）, high density lipoprotein （ HDI.）, low density lipoprotein （LDL） and blood pressure level were evaluated. Results： The preconception BMI, weight gained during pregnancy as well as FPG and TG levels of the metabolic disorder group were significantly higher than those of the control group （P（0.05）. Preconception BMI was positively correlated with levels of systolic pressure and diastolic pressure respectively （r=0.256, P〈0.05; r：0.239, P〈0.05）; The weight gained during pregnancy was positively correlated with TG and FPG levels respectively （r=0.340, P〈0.05; r：0.22], P（0.05）, but negatively correlated with HDL level （r=--0.331, P（0.05）. Conclusion： The preconception BMI, weight gained during preg- nancy are closely related to metabolic indicators, and may play important roles in the pathogenesis of metabolicdisorders. Strictly taking control of preconception weight and nutrition intake during pregnancy might help to prevent gestational metabolic disorders.