犯罪青少年与普通青少年的父母教养方式差异的元分析

A Meta-Analysis of the Difference Between Juvenile Delinquents and Ordinary Juveniles in Parenting Styles

为探讨犯罪青少年和普通青少年父母教养方式的差异及其影响因素，采用元分析的方法，选取了1994～2011年问使用父母教养方式量表测量的24个犯罪青少年和普通青少年的独立样本共7819名被试进行分析。结果发现：（1）除父亲过分干涉、父亲过度保护和母亲过分干涉、过度保护三维度外，犯罪青少年与普通青少年父母教养方式的其余维度的得分均存在显著差异，其中犯罪青少年积极维度分数显著低于普通青少年，其消极维度的分数显著高于普通青少年。（2）文献出版类型可以调节两类青少年在情感温暖和关系理解维度上的差异，被试类型可以调节两类青少年在偏爱被试维度上的差异。（3）年代可以显著负向预测两类青少年在情感温暖、关系理解和偏爱被试两维度的差异值，也可正向显著预测惩罚严厉和拒绝否认两维度的差异值。

This study aims to explore the difference between juvenile delinquents and ordinary juveniles in parenting styles and the factors influencing them, by using meta-analysis to analyze 24 independent samples out of 7819 juveniles surveyed with Egna Minnen av Barndoms Uppfostran （EMBU） between 1994 and 2011. The findings show the following： （l） Except for such dimensions as excessive interventions and overprotection from both fathers and mothers, the two groups show a significant difference in their parenting styles, with the juvenile delinquents scoring lower in the positive dimensions than the ordinary juveniles; （2） research literature types can help moderate the difference between the two groups in their emotional warmth and relationship understanding, and the types of subjects can moderate the difference between the two groups in their favorites; and （3） the year of publication can help negatively predict the difference between the two groups in their emotional warmth, relationship understanding, and favorites, and positively predict the difference between them in strict punishment and rejections.