基于应急避难需求的山地大学校园出入口安全评价——以重庆大学A区为例

The Safety Evaluation on the Campus Emergency Entrance in Mountainous Region: a Case Study of Campus A in Chongqing University

特殊的自然环境条件和快速城市化伴生的人口聚集与大规模工程建设,使山地城市防灾面临更加复杂的局面。由于土地资源稀缺,大学校园已成为山地城市防灾中不可或缺的重要避难场所。本文以重庆大学A区为例,以校园出入口为研究对象,通过实地调研分析校园出入口作为校园内部与周边城市环境的连接点,其安全性是有效发挥校园作为城市应急避难场所的重要保证,进而梳理出影响山地校园出入口安全性的5项总体控制项目及10项详细控制因子,针对管理者、设计者、研究者等不同层面,通过问卷调查并采用层次分析法进行因子权重的评价研究,为山地大学校园出入口设计提供参考,以保障山地大学校园作为城市应急避难场所的安全性、可达性与有效性,从而促进山地城市防灾减灾体系建设。

Special natural environment and rapid urbanization, as wel as the large population and large construction, makes the mountainous city face more complicate disaster prevention situation. Due to the lack of land resources, the university campus has become an important shelter. The article takes campus A zone of Chongqing university as an example to do a case study for campus entrances. The security of those entrance is the important guarantee for taking refuge because of their role to connect campus and surrounding urban environment. Thus the paper points out the 5 overall control projects and 10 control factors in detail to effect the efficiency of entrances, through the questionnaire survey and the analysis of the weight of factor by evaluation studies from managers, designers, researchers, etc. It will give a reference for the design, ensure the security、accessibility and effectiveness of the mountainous campus as an urban emergency shelter, promote the construction of mountainous urban disaster prevention system.