2010-2012年韶关市儿童呼吸道感染病毒病原学分析

Pathogen spectrum of respiratory viruses in children of Shaoguan, 2010-2012

目的探讨韶关市儿童常见呼吸道感染的病原学特点和分布特征。方法采集2010年7月至2012年7月因呼吸道感染于粤北人民医院的住院患者呼吸道标本171份，采用荧光定量PCR方法，对呼吸道标本同时进行甲型流感病毒（FluA），乙型流感病毒（FluB），腺病毒（ADV），博卡病毒（BoV），副流感病毒1型（PIV1）、2型（PIV2）、3型（PIV3），鼻病毒（HRV），呼吸道合胞病毒（RSV），冠状病毒229E、0C43、HKUl、NL63，偏肺病毒（MPV）等14种常见呼吸道病毒核酸检测。结果171份标本中检出阳性标本93份，核酸阳性率为54．4％（93／171），其中FluA占首位，阳性率为8．2％（14／171），其他依次为ADV7．6％（13／171），HRV7．6％（13／171），PIVI／II／III 7．0％（12／171），RSV 6.4％（11／171），FluB5．8％（10／171），BoV5．3％（9／171），MPV3．5％（6／171），冠状病毒（HCoV—OC43／HKUl）2．9％（5／171）。不同性别问患儿呼吸道病毒阳性率差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。≥6月龄组阳性率最低（37．5％），1—3岁年龄组阳性率最高（62．1％）。结论韶关地区儿童发热呼吸道病毒感染病例的病原体以甲型流感病毒、腺病毒和鼻病毒为主。

Objective To characterize pathogen distribution of respiratory viruses in children of Shaoguan city for efficiently preventing the respiratory tract infection. Methods Respiratory virus were identified from sputum and throat swabs collected from children with respiratory symptom in Yuebei hospital during July 2010 to July 2012.Fourteen common respiratory viruses were detected by Real-time PCR. Results Totally 93 positive samples were identified from all the 171 specimens, with the positive rate of 54.4%. FluA was the dominated type of infection, accounting for 8.2% of the 93 patients. Accordingly, the proportion of other viruses were respectively ： ADV, 7.6% ; HRV, 7.6% ; PIV I / II /llI, 7.0% ; RSV,6.4%; FluB,5.8%; BoV,5.3%; MPV,3.5% and HCoV-OC43/HKU1,2.9%. There was no statistical gender difference was detected in term of the positive rate of respiratory tract virus infection （P〉0.05）. The positive rate in children up age of 6 months was the lowest （37.5%）, and the positive rate of children with age of 1-3 years was the highest （62.1%）. Conclusion Flu-A, adenovirus and human rhinovirus were the main pathogens leading to the fever respiratory infections in children in Shaoguan region.