不同着地技巧对膝关节负荷及其位置影响研究

Influence of Different Landing Techniques on the Knee Joints' load and Position

目的:探讨膝关节损伤着地技巧对关节负荷和位置生物力学的影响。方法:选取在校20名女子足球专项学生,来完成两个预料外的任务(侧切和转身),分别运用两种着地技术(前脚和后脚着地)。运用重复测量方差分析法,评定每个不同运动任务着地时运动学和动力学参数的差异。结果:前脚着地技术侧切和转身任务时膝关节内收力矩显著高于后脚着地。在侧步闪躲侧切时,运用后脚着地技术时膝关节外翻显著增加,而转身时,运用前脚着地技术膝关节外翻明显。结论:不同的足部着地技术间的生物力学结果有着固有的区别。前脚着地技术越来越多地影响了膝关节内收力矩的负荷,也潜在性地对ACL产生了更大的张力。

Purpose ： This paper aims to discuss the influence of knee injuries on joint load and position biomechanits after changing landing techniques. Method： In the research, twenty female students majoring in football are chosen to finish two unexpected tasks （ side dodging and cutting, and turnaround） , using front feet touchdown and hind feet touchdown respectively. Repetitive measurement deviation analysis is performed to assess the differences of kinematic and dynamic parameters in every landing technique. Result： when the front feet touch down, adduction torque of the knee joint is markedly higher than that when the hind feet touch down （p 〈0.001 ）. In side dodging and cutting movement, eversion of knee joint is increasing when landed on hind feet. While in turnaround, eversion of knee joint is obvi- ous only when landed on front feet （p 〈 0.05. Conclusion： there are inherent differences between biomechanical results of different feet touchdown skills. Moreover, front feet touchdown exerts not only an increasing influence on the load of knee adduction torque, but also greater potential tension on the ACL.