“阳光体育运动”背景下中学生体育课运动负荷测试分析

Exercise Load Testing and Analysis of P. E. Classes for Middle School Students under the Background of "Sunshine Sports"

主要采用测试法、数理统计法,对"阳光体育运动"背景下五所中学的120节体育课运动负荷情况进行了测试和评价分析,旨在揭示当前中学生体育课运动负荷现状及问题。结果表明:(1)所测试的120节体育课运动负荷强度属于中等。不同年级间心率指数均存在明显差异,全课心率指数值由大到小排序为高一、初二、高三、高二、初一、初三。(2)从不同性别来看,男生体育课运动负荷强度为中等,但体育课的心率指数结构变化不合理;女生由于基本部分和结束部分生理负荷刺激偏低导致其全课心率指数等级为小负荷等级。(3)从不同教学内容看,体育课全课心率指数由大到小排序依次为球类、素质球类混合课、田径球类综合课、田径、健美操、武术。按运动负荷等级划分,前三者可以列为中等,而后三者则属于小负荷等级范围。可见,教学内容是影响体育课生理负荷量的主要因素,无论单独的球类课还是结合球类的混合课,对学生的生理负荷影响效果相对较好。

In this paper, through the methods of testing and statistics, exercise load of 120 PE lessons of five middle school students has been tested and evaluated under the background of ＂sunshine sports＂ in order to reveal the current situation and problems of physical education exercise load for students. The results show that ： （ 1 ） the exercise intensity of the tested 120 P. E. classes is moderate. For different grades, there are significant differences in heart rate indexes , with the descending order of heart rate index value of＇ the whole class being senior one, junior two, senior three, senior two, junior one and junior three. （2） From the point of view different genders , the boys＂ exercise intensity in physical education lessons is moderate, but the structural changes in heart rate is unreasonable. （3） From different teaching contents, the descending order of heart rate index ranks as ball games, mixed class of quality ball games, athletics and ball games classes, athletics, aerobics and martial arts. The first three can be classified as moderate exercise load grades while the latter three are small load level range if divided according to exercise load levels. Therefore it is obvious that the teaching contents are the main factors that influence the physical load of P. E. lessons.