西尼罗病毒病诊断技术研究进展

Progress on Diagnostic Techniques of West Nile Virus Disease

西尼罗病毒病(WND)是由西尼罗病毒(WNV)感染引起的一种人兽共患的急性传染病,应用各种诊断技术对该病进行准确、及时的诊断是预防和控制该病的前提。论文就近年来WND诊断技术研究进展情况进行综述,包括病原学诊断、血清学诊断和分子生物学诊断。在病原学诊断方面,主要包括病毒分离鉴定、抗原捕获ELISA及基于膜的电化学生物传感器技术等。在血清学诊断方面,主要包括ELISA方法、补体依赖性细胞毒性反应、基于微球的免疫测定方法及表面增强拉曼散射等。在分子生物学诊断方面,主要包括RT-PCR和RT-nPCR、real-time RT-PCR、实时快速反转录环介导恒温扩增及依赖核酸序列的扩增技术等,并对各种方法的前景和优缺点进行了阐述,为实际应用及新方法的建立提供参考。

West Nile virus disease （WND）is a seriously infectious zoonosis caused by West Nile virus （WNV）.The application of different diagnostic tests for accurate and timely diagnosis of the disease is the premise for the prevention and control of WND.This article mainly reviewed the latest research progress on diagnostic techniques for WND.The diagnostic methods of WND include pathogenical,serological and molecular diagnoses.In the pathogenical detection aspect,these techniques include virus isolation and iden-tification,antigen capture ELISA and membrane-based electrochemical nanobiosensor.In the serological detection aspect,mainly include ELISA,complement-dependent cytotoxicity （CDC）,microsphere-based im-munoassay （MIA）and surface enhanced Raman scattering immunoassay（SERS）.In molecular detection aspect,mainly include RT-PCR,RT-nPCR,real-time RT-PCR,loop-mediated isothermal amplification as-say （LAMP）and nucleic acid sequence-based amplification assay （NASBA）.In addition,the advantages, disadvantages and prospects of the several methods were also discussed,to provide some references for ap-plication and future research.