中山市婴幼儿喘息相关危险因素分析

Risk factors for infants and young children with wheezing in Zhongshan city

目的：分析婴幼儿喘息相关危险因素。方法采用多中心、大样本病例对照研究方法，以问卷访查的形式收集资料，先进行单因素分析，再以多因素逐步Logistic回归分析婴幼儿喘息发生的独立危险因素。结果单因素分析婴幼儿喘息发生的危险因素与父母过敏史、生产方式、呼吸道合胞病毒感染、肺炎支原体感染、个人过敏史、爱哭、父母常闹矛盾、临近马路、周围工厂共9个因素有关，差异有统计学意义（P＆lt;0.05），而与其余22个因素无关。Logistic回归分析发现，父母过敏史（OR=3.441，95%CI：1.914~6.186，P＆lt;0.001）、呼吸道合胞病毒感染（OR=2.910，95%CI：1.793~4.723，P＆lt;0.001）、肺炎支原体感染（OR=2.277，95%CI：1.110~4.667，P=0.025）、临近马路（OR=2.036，95%CI：1.280~3.239，P=0.003）、爱哭（OR=1.521，95%CI：1.049~2.206，P=0.027）是婴幼儿喘息发作的独立危险因素。结论婴幼儿喘息发生与父母过敏史、呼吸道合胞病毒感染、肺炎支原体感染、临近马路、爱哭、个人过敏史等9个因素有关，而前5者为其独立危险因素。

Objectives To analyze the risk factors associated with infant wheezing in Zhongshan city. Methods A multi-center, large sample of case-control study was applied and the data related to risk factors was collected by questionnaire survey. T test and chi-square test were firstly used for univariate analysis, and then the multivariate stepwise logistic regression was used to analyze the independent risk factors associated with infant wheezing. Results A total of nine factors were found rele-vant to infant wheezing by univariate analysis including parental allergic history, way of birth, respiratory syncytial virus infec-tion, Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection, personal allergic history, like crying, parents have constant disagreements, home near the road, and factory around （P＆lt;0.05）. Parental allergic history （OR=3.441, 95%CI：1.914-6.186, P＆lt;0.001）, respiratory syncy-tial virus infection （OR=2.910, 95%CI：1.793-4.723, P＆lt;0.001）, Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection （OR=2.277,95%CI：1.110-4.667, P=0.025）, home near the road （OR=2.036, 95%CI：1.280-3.239, P=0.003） and like crying （OR=1.521, 95%CI：1.049-2.206, P=0.027） were approved to be the independent risk factors of infant wheezing in ZhongShan. Conclusions Nine factors have relationship with infant wheezing, including parental allergic history, respiratory syncytial virus infection, Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection, home near the road, like crying, personal allergic history, and that the former five factors are the indepen-dent risk factors.