石棉工人接尘量与肺癌发病关系的研究

DOSE-RESPONSE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ASBESTOS EXPOSURE AND INCIDENCE OE LUNG CANCER

对北京市制动密封材料厂的1244名接尘职工(其中13名死于肺癌),用寿命表法和Logistic回归模型进行接尘量与肺癌发病关系的研究表明,肺癌发病概率与累积接尘量之间呈直线相关。若以工作30或40年,死亡概率以12/10万或19/10万计算,则年平均粉尘浓度在0.73 ～1.70mg/m^3(寿命表法,40年)和0.03～2.11mg/m^3(Logistic回归模型,30年)之间,其对应的纤维计数浓度为1.37～1.54f/ml和1.25～1.61f/ml。作者建议作业场所现行石棉最高容许浓度应该进一步降低。

In this study 1244 workers (among them 13 cases of lung cancer) of Beijing brake sealing material factory (previous Beijing asbestos products factory) were investigated and the dose-response relationship between asbestos exposure and incidence of lung cancer was studied. The results had shown that the relationship was in positive correlation. If a man worked 30 or 40 years and the probability of incidence will be lower than 12/105 (taken from a survey of fatal cause of malignant cancer for men in big-cities of China, 1973-1975) or 19/105 (taken from a survey of cancer mortality in Beijing urban area, 1976-1979) .The yearly average concentration of asbestos dust should be at the range of 0.73-1.70 mg/m3(using method of life-table, 40 yrs) and 0.03-2.11 mg/m3 (using Logistic regression model, 30 yrs) . The gravimetrical dust concentrations were converted into fibre counting concentrations according to a study on relationship between fibre and mass concentration.The corresponding fibre counting concentration were 1.37-1.54 f/ml and 1.25-1.61 f/ml. Authers propose that hygienic standard (maximum allowable concentration for asbestos chrysotile in the workplace air should be further reduced.