大型舰船上呼吸道传染病防控研究

Research on prevention and control of infectious respiratory disease in large ship

目的：探究大型舰船上呼吸道传染病可能流行原因，并寻找防控对策。方法从船上通风系统构成探讨防控策略；从相关预案、制度建设及相关人员技能提高等方面分析、改进防控效果。结果大型舰船上应对呼吸道传染病应以通风系统建设为基础，保证医疗区有负压隔离病房，空气完全外排，同时设定数个可达到单向通风要求的区域，必要时启用对批量患者、疑似患者及密切接触者隔离。制定有关防控预案及消毒隔离制度对疫情防控有效。结论大型舰船舱室密布、人员密集，易发生呼吸道传染病流行。只要高度重视并积极准备，疫情是可防可控的。

Objective To assess the causes for prevalence of respiratory infectious diseases in the large ship, and any possible solution to prevent and control it. Methods Inspection of the ship ventilation system constitution was conducted and a strategic plan of for prevention and control of the diseases was created. Results It reflected that ventilation system construction was critical for controlling respiratory infectious diseases in large ship. It is important for the medical district to have a negative pressure isolation ward, and several isolated regions carrying a feature of one-way ventilation, and the each of the regions is able to batch patients, suspected patients and contact isolation when necessary. Developing the control plan, disinfection and isolation system is necessary for epidemic prevention and control. Conclusions Cabin clouds and personnel intensive in large ship is considered being easy to occur and prevalence of infectious disease of respiratory tract. As long as we pay attention on it and actively preparing for it, the epidemic is definitely controllable.