城市规划实施评估的两种视角

Two Perspectives of the Evaluation of Urban Planning Implementation

随着规划理论和实践的发展,学术研究领域对城市规划产生的影响以及规划实施情况的评估越来越重视。然而在中国的规划实践过程中,鲜有系统的针对城市规划实施情况及其对现实城市空间发展影响的研究。本文通过文献综述,整理和介绍了从两个视角出发的城市规划实施评估方法 :基于规划—现状一致性的评估方法和基于表现性能的评估方法。通过对以上两种评估方法的理论框架和评估指标及步骤的详细研究,本文发现不同评估方法的选择取决于研究者对城市规划的不同认识。以上两种评估方法由于采取不同的评估标准、步骤和技术,适用于对不同规划单元和城市开发类型的评估。本文最后分析了以上两种规划评估方法在中国快速发展的规划实践中应用的迫切性和必要性,及其对更为广泛的城市规划实践的借鉴意义。

Growing difficulties of implementation of urban planning have aroused tremendous attention to the influence of the plans and their implementation practices. However, the relevant research is still lacking in China. This paper intends to explore methods to evaluate how and to what extent that spatial planning, as one of intervening approach, influences the actual urban development with market intervention through literature review. Two distinguished approaches, conformance-based approach and performance-based approach, are introduced. These two approaches, due to their different evaluating criteria, steps, and mechanism are suitable to different kinds of plans and urban development. Better understanding of planning implementation contributes to establishing a framework to evaluate planning implementation and identifying planning instruments that essentially influences planning implementation in China.