过敏性紫癜201例临床分析

Clinical Analysis of 201 Cases of Anaphylactoid Purpura

目的探讨过敏性紫癜(HSP)患者的发病特点和复发因素。方法对201例HSP住院患者临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果 HSP好发年龄为6～15岁的青少年,男女比例1.3∶1,秋冬季发病率占66.20%,主要诱因是感染,皮疹是主要的临床表现,而消化道症状作为首发症状时易误诊。Logistic回归分析复发的危险因素:皮疹反复、肾脏损害、病程长(>1个月)、年龄大(>18岁)有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论并发肾脏损害的成年患者病情易反复发作,早期进行干预性治疗和至少6周门诊随访检测肾功能是必要的。

Objective To evaluate clinical characteristics and risk factors in anaphylactoid purpura patients. Methods Retrospective analysis were applied to 201 anaphylactoid in-patients. Results The age of patients with anaphylactoid purpura were from six to fifteen, implicating male dominancy（ 1.3：1 ） and increasing in the au- tumn and winter（ 66.20% ）. Infection was a major etiological factor. Purpuric skin rash was the main cutane- ous symptom. Anaphylactoid purpura was often misdiagnosed if gastrointestinal involvement was the first or only recognized symptom. Logistic regression revealed that age above 18 years, recurrence of purpuric rash, renal failure and long disease course（ 〉 1 month） were poor prognostic indication for anaphylactoid purpura patients. Conclusion Adult anaphylaetoid purpura patients with renal involvement were susceptible to dis- ease relapse, emphasizing that early treatment and clinic follow-up for at least six months are necessary.