半坡博物馆馆藏六千年前人类牙弓形态研究

The study of dental arch morphology of human samples in Neolithic Era

目的:通过对西安半坡出土6000年前新石器时期人颌骨的相关研究,了解该时期人的牙弓特征。方法:选取保存较完整的上颌骨94个,下颌骨98个。对牙弓进行三维测量,并对牙弓形态进行观测。结果:报告了该批次标本上下颌牙弓形态的各项测量数据及非测量性状的观测结果。牙弓形态主要以椭圆形为主,Terra牙列指数分析上下牙弓均大于现代人,上颌牙弓宽度变化更为明显。结论:为进一步研究人类颌骨演化积累数据资料。

Objective：To investigate the human morphological evolution characteristics of both upper and lower dental arches by the measurement of dental arch shapes of excavated samples with neolithic era people in BanPo,Shaanxi province.Method：Ninety four well-preserved maxillary samples and ninety eight well-preserved mandible samples of people living about 6000 BC were selected.We analyzed the dental arches from Three-dimensional and observed the shapes of dental arches.Result：This study reports different measure data and the non-measurement study about the upper and lower dental arches of Neolithic era people in Shaanxi province.For the most part of the arch shapes is the ellipse shape.The Terra index of dentition analysis shows that the data of 6000 BC people is much larger than that of modem people,especially in the width of upper arch.Conclution：The data may provide information for morphological evolutions of human jaw bones.The results have provided data for human mandibular evolution and anthropology.