限食疗法与体重控制

Caloric restriction and control of body weight

控制体重一直是热门话题，减重所带来的血糖、血脂、血压、胰岛素敏感性等多方面的获益，奠定了其在防治肥胖、2型糖尿病等代谢性疾病中的不可撼动的地位。获得减重的途径主要有饮食调整、运动干预、药物治疗或外科手术，本文主要讨论限食减重的问题，包括限食的减重程度，限食后的体重维持，影响减重的因素以及特殊人群的减重问题。

Control of body weight is a hot topic. It is considered as the cornerstone for the management of patients with obesity and type 2 diabetes based on the effect of improving blood glucose, lipid profile, blood pressure, and insulin sensitivity. The strategies for weight loss include diet restriction, exercise, medicine, and bariatric surgery. In the present article the relationship between caloric restriction and weight loss was reviewed, focusing on the hot topics as to what extent weight loss could be achieved, the maintenance of ideal body weight, the risk factor of weight regain, and weight loss in particulas populations like obese children, adolescents, and older adults.