1Nicolaides KH,Azar G,Byrne D. Fetal nuchal translucency:ultrasound screening for chromosomal defects in the first trimester of pregnancy[J].BMJ:British Medical Journal,1992,(06):867-869.
2Souka P,Krampl E,Bakalis S. Outcome of pregnancy in chromosomally normal fetuses with increased nuchal translucency in the first trimester[J].Ultrasound in Obstetrics & Gynecology,2001,(03):9-17.
3Snijdersrj,Noblep,Sebiren. UK multicentre project on assessment of risk of trisomy 21 by maternal age and fetal nuchal-translucency thickness at 10-14weeks of gestation[J].LANCET,1998,(9125):343-346.
4Chasenst,Sharmag,Kalishrb. First-trimester screening for aneuploidy with fetal nuchal translucency in a United States[J].Ultrasound in Obstetrics & Gynecology,2003,(02):149-151.
6Sotiriadis A,Papatheodorou S,Eleftheriades M. Nuchal translucency and major congenital heart defects in fetuses with normal karyotype:a meta-analysis[J].Ultrasound in Obstetrics & Gynecology,2013,(03):383-389.
7Benacerraf BR,Frigoletto FD Jr,Laboda LA. Sonographic diagnosis of Down syndrome in the second trimester[J].AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY,1985,(12):49-52.
8Kagan,Chitty L,Byme D. Effect of deviation of nuchal translucency measurements on the performance of screening for Trisomy 21Pub[J].Ultrasound in Obstetrics & Gynecology,2009,(11):657-664.
2Nicolaidcs KH, Azar G, Byme D, et ak Fectal nuchal translu- cency: ultrasound screening for chromosomal defects in the first tri- mester of pregnancy. BMJ, 1992, 304= 867 - 869.
3Souka P, Krampl E, Bakalis S, et al. Outcome of pregnancy in ehromosomally normal fetuses with increased nuehal translu- cency in the first trimester. Ultrasound Obstet Gyneeol, 2001. 18, 9-17.
4Adekunle O, Gopee A, E1 Sayed M, et ak Increased first trimes- ter nuchal translucency: Prewaancy and infant outcomes after rou- tine screening for l)own's syndrome in an unseleced antenatal popu- latiorL Br J Radiol, 1999, 72:457 - 460.
5Van Vugt JM, Tinnei'nans BW, Van Zalen- Sprcck RM, et ak Outcome and early childhood follow--up of chromosomally normal fetuses with increased nuchal translucency at 10- 14 weeks' gesta- tion. Ultrasound Obstet Gyneeol, 1998, 11: 407-409.
6陆国辉.产前遗传病诊断.广州:广东科技出版社,2001:87.
7Caughey A, Kuppernann M, Norton M, et al. Nuchal translu- cency and first trimester biochemical markerts for Down syndryme screeniDg: A Cost--effectivenses analysisis Am J Obstet Gynecol, 2002, 187: 1239-1245.
5Li Y, Estroff JA, Mehta TS, et al. Ultrasound and MRI of fetuses with ventriculomegaly: can cortical development be used to predict postnatal outcome [ J ]. AJR Am J Roentgenol, 2011,196 ( 6 ) : 1457-1467.
6De Jong-Pleij EA,Vos FI,Ribbert LS,et al. Prenasal thickness-to-na-sal bone length ratio : a strong and simple second-ami third-trimester marker for trisomy 21[J]. Ultrasound in Obstetrics & Gynecology,2012,39(2):185-190.
7Ozcan T,OzliiT, Allen J,et al. Predictive role of prenasal thickness and nasal bone for Down syndrome in the second trimester [J]. European Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductive Biology,2013,171(2):220-224.
8Persico N,Molina F,Azumendi G,et al. Nasal bone assessment in fetuses with trisomy 21 al 16-24 weeks of gestation by three-dimensional ultrasound[J]. Prenatal diagnosis,2012,32(3):240-244.
9Vos FI,De Jong-Pleij EA,Bakker M,et al. Nasal bone length,prenasal thickness, prenasal thickness to nasal bone length ratio and the pre-frontal space ratio in second and third trimester Down syndrome [J]. Ultrasound in Obstetrics & Gynecology,2015,45(2):211-216.
10Salman Guraya S. The associations of nuchal translucency and fetal abnormalities; significance and implications [J]. Clin Diagn Res,2013,7(5):936-941.