新民主主义革命时期中共解决乡村民生问题的路径选择

Improvement of the rural standard of living by CPC during the new democratic revolutions

随着近代中国工业化、城市化和现代化的发展,近代乡村面临着严重的发展危机,并由此产生了近代乡村民生问题,中共最初提出用土地改革的方式来解决。土地改革虽然解决了农民尤其是大多数贫雇农的土地和其他生产资料问题,但却破坏了农民的生产积极性。为此,中共提出发展生产是解决民生问题的主要手段,并要求把发展农业生产放在首位。在解决土地和其他生产资料后,广大贫苦农民还遇到了生产资本不足的困难,农业贷款成为中共解决生产资本和民生问题的重要选择。

Modern Chinese industrialization and urbanization give rise to the crisis of rural develop- ment. Likewise, CPC initializes the land reform which distributes land and production resources to the poor farmers, but reduces their passions for farmworks. Consequently, CPC reaffirms that increased pro- duction is the means and top priority for the improvement of the standard of living for the farmers. Moreo- ver, CPC has enabled farmers to access to capital for their farmworks.