后现代历史哲学中的“虚构”

Fiction in the postmodern philosophy of history

在后现代历史哲学中,"虚构论"是非常时髦的。一方面,"虚构"是对机械真实观的否定,它赋予了历史学家极大的创作自由,这是其值得称道的地方;但另一方面,它却把本真的历史"悬置"起来了,局限于在形式层面来谈虚构,这又让人难以接受。对于真实与虚构二者之间的关系,值得捍卫并且能够捍卫的理论立场应该是,真实是虚构的前提与基础,虚构是真实的升华,虚构与真实一体相依。

The theory of fiction is popular in the postmodern philosophy of history. It is the negation of the mechanization theory of truth, and it gives freedom to historians for creation. Yet, it views fiction as just the form by suspending key issues of the real history. Truth is the foundation and premise of fic- tion, while fiction is real sublimation of truth. They are the two sides of a coin.