3D打印技术专利侵权问题研究

Study on Patent Infringement of 3D Printing Technology

3D打印技术对于产品设计、制造和销售方式产生了变革作用,同时可能引发较高的专利侵权风险。根据现有的专利侵权构成要件,3D打印侵权产品和传播3D打印模型文档的行为难以构成直接侵权和间接侵权,专利权人所采用的技术措施也没有明确法律依据对其给予保护,网络经营者也不能在链接侵权产品设计行为中得到侵权豁免。有必要取消专利侵权行为的生产经营目的要件,建立并拓展间接侵权制度,构建专利领域的避风港规则,并对专利权人采取的技术措施给予合理保护。

3D printing technology changes the way of product designing, manufacturing and selling. However, it also leads to higher risk of patent infringement. According to the current requirement of patent infringement, 3D print-ing infringing product and disseminating 3D printing model file can hardly be deemed as direct or indirect infringe-ment. The technical measures taken by the patent owner are not protected by law, and the operator of website have not exempt of linking the design of product. Therefore, it is necessary to cancellthe requirement of manufacturing and business aim in patent infringement law, establish and broaden indirect infringement rule and the“safe harbor”rule in patent field, and provide legal protection to technical measures by the patent owner.