燃池供暖系统的设计建造方法研究

Study on Design and Construction Methods of Burning Cave Heating System

燃池作为我国北方农村地区的传统供暖方式,因其成本低、构造简单、供暖效果好而得到广泛应用,但目前主要凭经验搭建,存在热能利用效率低、设计建造不规范等问题。本文以连续3年的实测数据为基础,重点计算了典型农村地区燃池供暖住宅的年耗热量、燃池供热面积;分析了燃池供暖系统烟气流动的规律;校核了燃池的供热面积与烟囱高度;确定了维持燃料阴燃过程的合理调控方法。通过理论分析得到,燃池的池体结构增加保温层后热量损失能够降低50%以上;燃池的池体密封,传热介质由烟气改为空气后,室内空气品质得到有效改善,CO浓度降低80%。最终提出了燃池供暖系统设计计算方法和施工建造要点,为编制燃池建造技术规程提供参考依据。

As a traditional heating method in rural areas in North China, burning cave has been widely applied for its low cost, simple structure, and good heating effect, which, however, is built mainly based on experience at present and has such problems as low thermal energy efficiency and lack of standardization of design and construction. Based on the measured data for three years straight, this paper focuses on calculating the annual heat consumption and burning cave heating area of burning cave heated residences in the typical rural areas, analyzes the law of flue gas flow in the burning cave heating system, verifies the heating area and chimney height of burning cave, and determines a reasonable control method to maintain fuel smoldering process. It is obtained from theoretical analysis that addition of insulation layer to burning cave structure can reduce heat loss by 50% or more, and sealing of burning cave and change of heat transfer medium from flue gas to air can improve effectively indoor air quality and effectively reduce CO concentration by 80%. At last, this paper proposes design and calculation methods and construction keypoints of burning cave heating system, providing reference to the preparation of the technical specification for the construction of burning cave.