某经济开发区1991~1997年工伤死亡调查分析

Fatal Occupational Injuries in an Economic Area during 1991~1997

对某开发区 1991～ 1997年发生的 42 6例工伤罹难者进行了调查分析 ,主要涉及死者人口学资料 ,环境危险因素如致害设备、事故类型及伤害方式等。在该调查期间 ,工伤粗死亡率为 9 1/10 5。坠落、起重伤害、触电、物体打击、坍塌、机械和企业内车辆伤害等占全部工伤死亡的 88%。其企业类型特征如下 :坠落、起重伤害、坍塌、触电和物体打击在建筑行业最常见 ;触电、起重伤害、机械伤害和坠落在制造业常见 ;车辆伤害则最常发生在运输、仓储和邮电业。 15 %的工伤死亡属于多人 (2人及以上 )死亡事故 ,最常见的多人死亡事故是因坠落、化学中毒、金属工件和起重伤害等。涉及的设备主要是工作面、在建建筑物。

occupational fatalities among all workers in an economic area of east China during 1991～1997 were collected and analyzed from a reporting and monitoring system of occupational fatality.The demographic characteristics of the cases,environmental risk factors including involved equipment and leading accident types as well as means of injury were studied for prevention.The crude mortality rate during the study period is 9 1/10\+5.Falls,crane related accidents,electrocution,obstruct struck,excavation cave\|ins,vehicle and machinery caused injuries in workplace were main accident types account for nearly 88% of the total occupational deaths.Falls,crane\|related collision,excavation cave ins,electrocution,object struck were common in the construction industry,falls,electrocution,crane related and machinery injury were prevalent in manufacturing industry,vehicle caused injury was most occurred in transportation,storage and telecommunication industries.15% of victims died in multiple victims,and most common multiple fatalities were due to falls,chemicals,metal work pieces,cranes etc.The equipment involved were work surface,constructing building,cranes,vehicles at enterprise.