从养生角度看老子的“无为而治”

Governing Country Aimed at Nourishing One's Life: About the Essential Meaning of “Governing by Non-action”

老子的"无为而治"包括"治身"与"治国"两方面的含义,其中"治身"是根本,以"养生"为基本出发点。圣人按"道"的无为法则养生蓄德,最终达到与"道"同一、像"道"一样长久。圣人按"无为"法则治理天下,让百姓们回到万物初生时的混沌状态,满足于粗陋的生活,保全精神,颐养天年。圣人与百姓都顺应"无为"法则,都能长生,就是天下大治。

there are two meaning in Laozi ’ s“governing by non-action”：“cultivating oneself” and “governing country”.“Personal cultivation” aimed at “nourishing one ’ s life” is the fundament of “governing country”.It means following the principle of “non-ac-tion” of the“Tao”, the sage-ruler nourishes his life and reserves virtues , and by this method , he finally integrates himself seamlessly into the“Dao”, and could get longevity as permanent as the “Dao”.He also uses this principle to govern humans , a country and even the world, and makes them be satisfied with the humble and simple life they have been living , return to the chaotic state of the begin-ning of the world .So they would not lose their energy and spirit , could avoid an unnatural death and reach old age and die .When the sage-ruler and the people could all following the principle of “non-action” and get longevity , it is the time the society is peaceful , stable and effective .