日本二战后的教育公平保障

Upon the Educational Fairness in Post-war Japan

为了保障国民的受教育权利,实现"教育机会均等"和"教育无差别"的原则,日本政府在《日本国宪法》和《教育基本法》的指导下,制定了相关的配套法规,明确了各级政府的职责,细化了各项指标和标准,逐步构建起了教育公平的保障体系。目前,日本政府在实践教育法所倡导的理念方面也面临着这样或那样的问题,但在如何保障教育公平方面,还是有很多地方值得我们去学习和借鉴:即要统一认识、加强立法、出台相关措施、规范运作。

In order to ensure the civil right to receive equal education, Japanese government had formulated its fair educational guaranty through working out relevant regulations in accordance with the state constitution and basic educational law to classify responsibilities of governments at all levels and specify the index and standard invovled. This research suggests that Japan＆#39;s guaranteeing measures in unified law-making and standardized implementation are still worth introducing despite the existing issues in conceptions to practise the educational law.