妊娠慢性高血压合并先兆子痫新生儿结局分析及探讨

Outcome analysis and discussion of chronic hypertension with neonatal preeclampsia pregnancy

目的观察分析妊娠期高血压合并先兆子痫对新生儿结局的影响及治疗中的注意事项。方法回顾性分析259例妊娠期高血压合并先兆子痫患者新生儿为观察组,分析其一般资料及治疗方法,并与对照组500例健康孕产妇新生儿结局进行对比观察,分析其新生儿结局特点。结果观察组胎儿窒息、胎儿窘迫、宫内发育迟缓、胎死宫内、早期死亡的发生率(39.8%、51.0%、31.3%、1.9%、13.5%)均大于对照组(7.2%、12.2%、6.8%、0.4%、2.4%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);随子痫发生次数增多,新生儿发生窒息、胎儿窘迫、宫内发育迟缓的数量逐步增多,围产期病死率逐步提高。结论妊娠慢性高血压合并先兆子痫前期患者新生儿,孕婴围产期结局不佳,及早给予全面的产前检查,加强宫内胎盘功能监测,评估胎儿的成熟度,预防子痫,对新生儿需加强监护,积极治疗,预防并发症,定期复查监测,早期干预,以改善新生儿结局,减少并发症,降低病死率。

Objective To observe the analysis of gestational hypertension and pre-eclampsia preeclampsia on neonatal outcomes and treatment considerations. Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted. 259 cases of gestational hypertension and preeclampsia preeclampsia newborns were set as observation group,500 cases of maternal newborns as healthy control group, to analyze the general information and treatment methods, and the outcomes were compared, analyzed neonatal outcomes of its features. Results The fetal asphyxia, fetal distress, intrauterine growth retardation, fetal death, the incidence of early death （39.8% ,51.0% ,31.3 % , 1.9% , 13.5 % ） were higher than those of the control group （7.2% , 12.2% ,6.8% ,0.4% ,2.4% ） ,the difference was statistically significant（ P 〈 0.05 ） ;eclampsia occurred with increasing frequency, neonatal asphyxia, fetal distress, intrauterine growth retardation gradually increased, the number of perinatal mortality gradually increased. Conclusion Chronic hypertension with pre-eclampsia pregnancy preeclampsia newborns, infants and pregnant had poor perinatal outcomes, early to give a comprehensive prenatal care, strengthen the monitoring utero placental function, assessment of fetal maturity, prevention of eclampsia, need for neonatal intensive care, aggressive treatment, prevention of complications, regular review monitoring and early intervention were the key to improve neonatal outcomes and reduce complications and mortality.